Management of Retinopathy and Neuropathy in Diabetes

Reena Pabari, Aravind Ganesh

ABSTRACT

A combination of metabolic and vascular dysfunction in patients with diabetes can often lead to the development of microvascular complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. These complications are the cause of significant morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes, potentially leading to blindness and lower limb amputation. A key aim in diabetes management is to slow the development of microvascular disease, as there are limited options for treatment of established disease. Past studies have demonstrated the importance of strict control of blood glucose levels in preventing or slowing progression of microvascular complications. There is strong evidence that aggressive treatment of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and lifestyle modifications are also important in preventing complications. This review aims to help future physicians understand the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, and provides a summary of the current literature and evidence–based recommendations for screening and management of both conditions.

KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus; diabetes complications; diabetic retinopathy; diabetic neuropathy

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Pabari R, Ganesh A. Management of Retinopathy and Neuropathy in Diabetes. UBCMJ. 2012 3(2):22-26.